King Menkaura

Of Kao Ra Menkaura fourth pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty is the son of King Khafre and his name means ( long life strongly Ra ) married Princess Khamer defined Nabti second .

Some writers put that period of his reign in 2532 BC. 's 2504 m s . M. and Turin Papyrus say he sentenced 18 years for affection rather incomplete statues

Brown 's third-largest pyramids built his pyramid side Hermine his father and grandfather and his pyramid 66 meters high and was his reign of freedom in which more than the reign of his father and grandfather

Herodotus wrote that Menkaure is the son of Khufu , and eased the suffering caused by Elly rule of his father to the inhabitants of ancient Egypt. Herodotus wrote that the violin Menkaure problems suffered a lot , including that of Menkaure the only girl died Ge life , Herodotus wrote that her body was buried in a coffin wood in the form of Apis , and the coffin preferred to reduce the days of Herodotus exists .

King Khufu

Khufu Khufu, the second king of the Fourth Dynasty caught devitalized power after his father Bent as the ( seal scared me ) and meaning ( etchings idol who protect me ) , one of the village ( banned Cheops) means ( nursing Cheops) Beni Hassan this moment . His mother Hetepheres . Sold missions Valley cave because answer turquoise. His name and picture him as he was found fell at the head of a pin , and one was killed . Lapidus has a statue in place of ivory . named write on the throne and the length of the statue and the moment the 5 centimeter statue in the Egyptian Museum . The Turin Papyrus says he ruled 23 years from 2589 BC. 's 2566 m s . M . In his reign Us Great Pyramid was at the time the largest in the world MBNA huge . And he called ( sister of Cheops) and meaning ( the horizon of Khufu ) pyramid was built 2650 years BC. AD .

king Bent Sneferu

Bent Sneferu, the ancient Greeks called the Souris, the king of Egypt and the founder of the Fourth Dynasty, and his son, Khufu ruled from 2613 BC.'s 2589 m s. M. and his name (we will flee) means (maker of beauty).

Bent married Hetepheres believed that she was the daughter of the previous Pharaoh, Honey, Hama possible be his father, according to some theorists, according to the theory that de Honey behind Hetepheres wife of ownership while Bent behind that of the current and because Bent was his passport to the throne.

And Petqal him the title (Enhanced beloved King) Ashan sentenced 42 years in peace and the right.

King Adj Ip

The sixth king of the first Pharaonic family: Over the Pei Pa - (Horus) Adj father (Anzab) (pbuh August)

Ip and imam adjib name means (the one with the blood heart)
He sat on the throne of Egypt in the last periods of his life he was King Aj Ip re-integrate the north and south Egypt integrate any Lower-faceted with tribal

 * This was the name of the king in the Palermo Stone also said its actions and incidents of his time, including (1)

- Wars

- Celebration far "dam" feast Thirteen . (2)

- Is a comprehensive census in the country and was repeated every two years

King Dunn

Dunn, is the name of Horus Egyptian Pharaoh of the family first. The best rule of the Pharaohs raised during this period. His reign of Den gangbusters for his kingdom, many of the innovations attributed to his reign. Was the first to use the title of the King of Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, a title which defines the title of the coronation, and the first pictures and wearing a double crown (red and white). Constructed his tomb in the floor of punishment or near Abydos granite red and black, the first time in Egypt, which has been used this hard stone as a building material. During his long reign the foundations of many of the rituals and patterns used by the rulers after him.

King Menes

Time : in 3200 before the birth of Christ , any more than five thousand years . Location: the king's palace in the city of Mina ( drape ) near the " Abydos " ( Baliana current center Sohag )

He sat King Mina on his throne one day was surrounded by princes provinces of southern Egypt , as well as the heads of the army and senior statesmen , and they took all of us chatted , that King began by saying: I am glad you Comrades has all around the throne , after that prevailed among us harmony and took us peace , and went on to irrevocably that difficult period that we spent in wars and hassle , even thousand of God between our hearts and we the people of the south as one nation , and you have made me king over you ,  then given me a royal name ( Nadmr ) the one who became the note , and I 'll be meeting this fulfilling Welcome to your trust, and I will work hard to complete the unity of the country and the annexation of the territory of the Delta to the northern kingdom , until we become one country great regard feared .

Here are submitted to him Prince County good and ask permission to say: This is our hope in you , O leader ,  and the provinces of motley , eat great young ones , and fret our weakness , , and draw between our hearts , and we are by the grace of God, one nation , no wonder after that we made you a leader for us , and the king of the regions at all. And resumed after the commander asked permission , saying :

We strongly supreme God , and the support of your army is great , and the sincerity of your people loyal , will put the authorization of the Almighty crown of Lower Egypt, the Red above your head in the near future : He laughed King delighted and said : Thank goodness yours , O Commander of the brave , but you as much as you watched it red crown by ? ?

Qa'a king

It is the last king of the first family. I found his tomb at Saqqara was found by Amiri in the world in 1954, a position 65 * 37 meters. In the northern region of which was found on the Temple of Doom, which contains a set of corridors and rooms.
Inscriptions found in this cemetery led to the detection us some information about the largest staff and the business, which they occupied and some information about the pacing administrative system in the country. Some of the work of senior staff who were responsible for (Irrigation _ taxes _ and some senior staff officials for recording events)

King Semerkhet

King tried Samar Khet to prove its legitimacy to rule by the king's name erased from the imam Ip Alvazat a holiday in the renewal of the reign of King.
Alihurssa his name, the name of the king, who takes him when crowned king
(Companion of the gods)
And the name of Birth
(He whom the two mistresses guard)

King Den

King Den in the first inauguration of a campaign against the ruling Aceh has been restored in this campaign harem prisoners have affected these campaigns against Aceh to resist the Bedouins.
The king is considered the first king Dunn added titles to the property name (nsw-bity). And also an active internal politics of the country, including the construction of forts religious ceremonies of the machine completed and APIs.

He has built his tomb of King Den in Apedes platform of granite and is considered one of the first sayings that led from stone rock after they are built from the bricks of coffee and come on is the first use of stone in Egypt

King Wadjet djet

The serpent , the king called Wadjet campaign Red Sea probably to occupy the mines that are in the eastern region of the Sahara . Was found on the name of the king carved on a piece of rock in the eastern desert linking the Red Sea and Edfu .
Found two tombs of the king and one in Apedes and the afterlife in Saqqara cemetery in Apedes Wadjet which contain a large number of paintings that show the grandeur and creativity of the ancient Egyptian in the inscription on the stone, which Esmoh inscription on this stone .
It has been found in the tomb of his third catarrh Alaptran next to the Giza area has found his name engraved on some of the business are likely to be the cemetery dating back to the family members of the king.
She reached the grate of his time to the status of a great evolution.

King Ledger djer

Is the king who came after King Aha Hur had a daughter ( Merritt Nate ) found in the tomb Aljbnat property Apedes was in the reign of King Ledger reign sophisticated Belamal foreign policy
Conquests include the Nubia and Sinai and Libya. The king built his tomb at Abydos have found him on the top two cemeteries in the city Apedes and Saqqara
Participated King Ledger King Aha 's conquests against Nubia and the creation of wisdom Hatta arrived at the Second Cataract and these events have been recorded on a small plate of stone found in the area of ​​Jabal al-Sheikh Suleiman , about 11 kilometers south of Wadi Halfa g this Alouhh were cut and transported to Khartoum and Come now in Garden Museum in Khartoum, and this shows the importance of attention Alouhh kings Family Alaolh securing the southern border of Egypt . In a recent drilling operations conducted in the area of ​​Saqqara was found a large cemetery dating back to the baffled Nate thought she the wife of King Ledger

King Aha Hur

Aha Hur is the name of the king, who succeeded King Menes. He belongs to the list of Horus name of the property titles. And the meaning of Populus Aha is "Hur, who fights", called by name Houri relative to the god of Hur, which writes the inside sign Aserkh - which means the interface palace and used later in the sense of minors (stated as transfer Hebrews Arabs) - as is also called by name caustic relative to the Ka. It is one of the oldest names, and was used in the pre-dynastic kings. It is considered the king embodiment of the god Horus Ground most important god in the lives of Egyptians.

Cleopatra

Her father Ptolemy XII was willing to be followed on the throne of his son Ptolemy XIII 's eldest son and eldest daughter Cleopatra VII .

Matt King in the spring of 51 BC. M. and leaving the throne to his sons and wrote a will before his death to Rome to take actions that commandment , it seemed two Governors strangers ruled Egypt in 51 BC. AD and was Ptolemy XIII at the age of ten , and his sister Cleopatra in the eighteenth years old, and according to the habits of the royal family were married Brotherhood Ptolemaic ( Ptolemy XIII and Cleopatra VII ) ! ! ! ! ! !

During the three years of Cleopatra was expelled from Egypt and its army stood on the Egyptian border, Syrian , ready to provide for her law against her brother .

And in the meantime, Julius Caesar invaded Italy , and took Pompey gather his forces to attack the opposite in Macedonia , and in the following year Julius Caesar defeated Pompey in the battle Varsalos , the latter fled with a small group of ships to Egypt .


The plan was developed implacably by tile Potolemaic to kill Pompey , and the private ( one courtiers Potolemaic ) allowed two of his followers and some criminals  from a boat to a small boat , and has shocked Pompey really calm , which was on his entourage and tried to start them newly amicably , but the man spoke to him only a silent nod , and when he arrived at the small boat to the beach for Pompey got down on the ground ÚÇĚáĺ three men were stabbed to death , and throats his head and took it and left the body on the beach .

And then several days in October 2, 48 BC. M. Julius Caesar arrived to Alexandria and entered the city and toured the neighborhoods in which her ​​royal palace , and the growl of the population of Alexandria this visit .

King Tutankhamun

An Tut Ankh Balamonbalheiroglefah name:
(1) name generator (North): "Tut Ankh security Hakaa of, Ono wax"
It means: "Appearance of Amon neighborhood, Governor of South O'n".
(2) The name of the royal: "Neb Khb ro of Ra"
It means: "Mr. Persons Ra,
So Tutankhamun's name means "the living image of the god Amun"

Tankhamun was a pharaoh of the Egyptian family of eighteen
In the history of ancient Egypt and the Pharaoh of Egypt from 1334 to 1325 BC . AD .
In the era of the modern state.
And Tutankhamun is of the most famous pharaohs for reasons not related to the achievements made
Or wars won , but for other reasons are not considered important from a historical perspective
It is most important is the discovery of his tomb and his treasures in full without any damage
The mystery surrounding the circumstances of his death saluting seen a lot Pharaoh 's death at a very early age
Unnatural , especially with the presence of traces of fractures of the thigh bone and skull
And his minister marriage of his widow after his death and the inauguration of the same Pharaoh

All of these mysterious events and the heavy use of the legend of the curse of the Pharaohs
Associated with the tomb of Tutankhamun , which have been used in movies and video games
Made Tutankhamen Pharaohs months for reasons not related at all
Or historical importance of the achievements made ​​him during his short years the Pharaoh of Egypt
And but for the mysteries and questions have no answer some considered one of the oldest assassinations
In human history.

Zoser King

Zoser , Khet prose and is meant idol 's body , took the title of Bridge sense of the sacred . (2686 BC .  - 2600 BC . ) . And is the second pharaoh of the third dynasty Pharaonic and at the beginning of the old state , his name appeared in red Papyrus Torben , distinguished him from the rest of the kings of the Old Kingdom . The grave ( Pyramid ) is the first large stone building in history .
Male of Pharaonic Mantho Manetho, that Djoser ruled for 29 years (2640 BC. M. --2,611 BC). , While remember Papyrus Torben that the period of his rule extended only 19 years (2630 BC. M. --2,611 BC). , But many historians both cases recall that the wisdom of the period extended for a period of 29 years because of the magnitude of the construction work carried out . And therefore the difference in years between the two figures may mean that the pharaoh Zoser is the same as the first in the third family .
And his inscription in one of the islands of Aswan , lists the events of the famine that occurred during his reign due to lack of flooding of the Nile , where he presented Zoser offerings to Khnum , the god of the waterfall . And in which he stated the following:
My heart was in a tight painful, because the Nile did not lead to seven years. Grains were not abundant, dried seeds , everything was owned by the individual to eat was pathetic quantities , each person harvested campus . Not that anyone can walk more; older hearts were sad and legs bent when they sat on the ground , their hands are scared away . Even served temples they go, the temples were closed and shelters covered with dust . In short , everything in existence woundedComes the reply from Khanom by the inscription :
I will make the Nile rise to you . There will be no more years when batters immersion in the coverage of any area of land. Flowers Storiq , and bend under the weight of stumps pollen
AchievementsZoser taken from Memphis , dead hostage , the capitalThe extraction of copper and turquoise from the Sinai which the security of his huge wealth enabled him to carry out structural huge.Expanded state in the south after the extension of its influence on the Nubians and extending the country 's borders until after the First Cataract .
GraveSaqqara pyramid , Zoser built his tomb at a distance of a mile from the cliff Saqqara to keep away from the rest of the graves . And oversaw the construction and vizier Imhotep . Pyramid consists of six terraces and uneven height of 62 meters and clad in with Gerry white stone . The inside consists of a network of corridors and corridors , and the king 's burial room was built of granite.

Narmer King

Naoumer or Narmer uniform Egypt in the thirty - second century BC, and the founder of the first Pharaonic dynasty . It is believed that behind King Srki , the last king of pre -dynastic period. And many scientists believe that Srki is the same Narmer . A famous Narmer painting , discovered in 1898 in Harakounuolas , showing Narmer pregnant motto Upper Egypt ( level ) and Lower Egypt ( Delta) , which reinforced the theory that it was united the two kingdoms . Traditionally attributed this achievement to the king Menes , and this is what to remember a list of Manito beside being the first kings of the Pharaohs . Some scientists believe that Mina and Narmer are the same person , while other scientists believe that Mina is Horus brother and he inherited the rule of Egypt, which alone Narmer by him. Other scientists believe that Narmer start the process of unification and either it did not work or only partially succeeded ; leaving complete the task to Mina . Another theory is equal in probability is that Narmer directly followed the king who united Egypt (which was probably Scorpion King whose name was found on the mace in Harakounuolas ) , and then took the same symbols unify the poles that were used before for a generation . It should be noted that while there was a lot of concrete evidence of a pharaoh named Narmer , there is no evidence except a list of Manito and myth on the existence of King Menes . List of kings newly discovered in two cemeteries den and a little bottom Narmer as the founder of this royal family .
Name of Narmer represents an audio hieroglyphic symbols " bot " any catfish and " over " any hammer ( or Qadom ) . And those symbols can do it as well as follows : " Narmarw " or " Mrunar " , but the custom was to pronounce " Narmer " the . The name means : catfish angry .
His wife thought it was Enait Hot A er , was a princess of Lower Egypt . Name was found in the tombs of the direct successors of Narmer Hur Aha Ledger , thus reason to believe that she was a mother or wife Hur Aha.
It is believed that the tomb was composed of two disjoint ( B17 and B18 ) and the very Um Alqab area in Abydos.

The Monuments

It means the legacy of the ancient Egyptian civilization of the heritage of written and unwritten ; such as the pyramids and temples, tombs and papyrus paintings , coffins and funerary arts and sciences

    There is no doubt that this is the most important source sources believe the study of ancient Egyptian history. Although this cannot be the researcher checker to take whatever record on the effects of truth for granted , because the ancient Egyptians did not write with a view to recording historical events in this current concept came some of what was recorded is crossing from the truth, and multiply , for example, that claim some of the kings they scored a decisive victory in particular battle despite the fact that logic and reality and other sources that talk about the same battle cannot confirm this decisive victory ; and not to the researcher by only a comparison objective to reach the truth or what is approaching